CBD - An Emerging Tool In The Fight Against Inflammation
I wrote a piece a while back about my 30 day trial of a CBD
oil supplement that I had a good experience with. Since that time I have had some interest from
some of my patients and other readers as a result. And since that time as well I have done some
more research about Cannabidiol (CBD) and have found some very compelling
modern scientific research articles on the topic. I want to describe just some of the things that I
have found that I feel are not only interesting but potentially game changing
for a lot of chronically ill people. But
not only chronically ill people can benefit.
The research that I have been reading shows great promise in the area of
preventative medicine as well.
Before I get in to the details here I feel it is important
to cover a few basic topics about medical cannabis that are common
misconceptions or flat out judgmental bias about these compounds.
First and foremost CBD and THC are two different compounds. It is the
THC that people know about and is the compound that produces the “high” from marijuana. CBD is another compound found within the plant
that does not lead to feeling high but instead has some pretty profound medical
implications as research is showing us.
Interestingly, THC is found in much higher concentrations in the
traditional marijuana plant. Marijuana
has much more THC and less CBD content.
The hemp plant however looks the same, grows the same and can even cross
breed with marijuana but is a different strain.
The hemp plant contains very little THC and higher levels of CBD. Basically smoking hemp would lead to a bummer
of a high. It just does not contain
enough THC to produce any effect. So why
in the world it is not legal here in the States is beyond me. CBD products however are legal in the
States. In fact they are legal for sale
in every State in the US without the recommendation of a medical doctor. The products that I am carrying now are all
from hemp plants and contain virtually no THC whatsoever. Nope….
Taking this stuff will not get you high but it will do a lot more for
you.
One of the first concepts that I have heard people using CBD’s
or Hemp oil for is in the treatment of cancers.
Now it is very important for me to point out that there is very little
scientific literature out there at the moment that demonstrates a benefit of
taking CBD products for the treatment of cancer. However, there is mounting anecdotal evidence coming in constantly about people who were at their end with chemotherapy
and began using high quality and high dose CBD products (or other medical
cannabis products) only to find their tumors were shrinking. There are plenty of stories of people
going into full remission as a result of adding in products like these and
their MD’s having no explanation for the sudden turn of events. So with any luck there will be some good
studies in the near future on this topic. I for one will keep my eyes peeled. Cancer however is not a specialty of
mine. The next bit of info however fits
my patient population much better.
In pouring over some of the more current literature on the
subject of CBD’s and physiology I have been surprised to learn just how
extensive the benefits can reach. I have
written in the past about inflammation and how it can impact so many different
parts of our health. Indeed just about
every chronic disease has its root in inflammatory activity. I work a lot with autoimmunity and I see
things like blood sugar disorders all the time.
Type II Diabetes is a growing epidemic in this country with the largest
population of people developing the disease being teens and young adults! In these cases there are soaring levels of
blood sugar in the system with equally high levels of the hormone Insulin. Insulin is essential for life but the idea is
to keep these levels as low as possible.
Because even though it is essential, too much and you set off a cascade
of inflammatory mechanisms that all lead to disease in the end. The best plan is not to start things off in
the first place. But alas the reality is
that we are already there folks!
Before I describe some of the benefits of these compounds I
feel that it is important to explain what I mean when I say “inflammation.” In this case I am not talking about a swollen
ankle that started during that beach volley ball match. Sure, that joint is inflamed. But rather, I am talking about molecules that
the immune system releases into the blood as a result of some trigger. These molecules called “cytokines” literally
float around and wreak havoc on everything in their way. If they land on a brain cell that brain cell
suffers and even dies. If they land on a
hormone receptor that receptor fails to work optimally. If they attach to the tissues lining the
arteries that artery becomes sticky and attracts plaque leading to vascular
disease and the leading cause of death – heart attack. And something that I work with a lot in my
practice, if that cytokine interacts with other immune cells they can lose
their ability of self-control and begin attacking our own tissues! That is autoimmunity. Once
the body loses the ability to determine the difference between self and
non-self we are now forever under attack from our own forces. This is not good… Longevity rarely ever accompanies autoimmunity. The focus on this article is a particularly
nasty inflammatory cytokine called NF-kB.
The name isn’t all that important but trust me. NF-kB is one of the really nasty bad guys you
do not want to spin out of control. If
it does take hold you can end up with one or many of the things I just
described above. NF-kB plays a key role
in vascular disease, autoimmunity, cancer, dementia, etc. A lot of what I do with my patients is
finding ways of lowering NF-kB activity so that their disease states do not
spin out of control. As of now there is
no medication on the market that directly lowers this inflammatory
cytokine. Most drugs target the things
that come as a result of this kind of activity.
Interestingly there are a few natural compounds that have shown to lower
this cytokine activity.
Enter CBD… According
to an article published in the Am J
Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. Jul 2007, CBD has demonstrated a significant ability
to squash the NF-kB elevations otherwise associated with the Insulin surges
found in Type II Diabetics. In essence
this article describes a compound that can literally act as an “antidote” to Diabetes
and recommends that further research on this subject be at a high
priority!
Another article from the British
Journal of Pharmacology (2008) suggests that the potential for
anti-inflammatory activity of CBD could lead to a new class of
anti-inflammatory drug. So this means
that the pharmaceutical industry sees the benefit. These are mainstream medical scientists who
are publishing articles on the benefits of a compound found in medical
Cannabis! I personally find this to be
somewhat of a huge step forward in an otherwise closed field of pharmaceutical control
of symptom rather than source.
My personal interest as I have mentioned, aside from the
rampant blood sugar patterns I see all the time out there, is
autoimmunity. This particular patient
population is literally awash in an intermingled web of inflammatory cytokine
activity and NF-kB is at the core of a lot of it. In an article published in the Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. Jul 2007 it
was stated that CBD has already been approved in the treatment of inflammation,
pain, and spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis in humans. Multiple Sclerosis
(MS) is an autoimmune disease. And the
CBD did not benefit the MS condition specific to the nervous system precisely. Rather, it worked on the immune system which
is at the root of the MS in the first place.
It is important to understand that an autoimmune disease is not just a
disease of the particular organ or gland under attack. First and foremost it is a disease of the
immune system not knowing self from non-self!
So studies like these demonstrate potential benefits for all autoimmune
diseases. It just so happened that this
particular study was focused on MS patients.
So in closing I just want to leave off with one more quote
from my good friend and colleague Dr. Chris Rasmussen, MD…
Let me
put this into perspective. If we had
a drug that could effectively, and safely, attenuate or reverse the effects of
our first-world, inflammatory lifestyle, while allowing patients to continue
their destructive habits-the classic American way to approach healthcare-it
would outsell statins [Cholesterol lowering medications and the go to
treatment for heart disease currently]
within the first year. That’s at least 30 billion in sales per year (some
sources quote 200 billion in annual sales). Moreover, by operating at the root
level and suppressing NF-kB, a real cure for atherosclerosis could be realized,
and with it cures for a hundred more diseases of affluence. That could change
the face of medicine folks. It would be as important, if not more so, than when
penicillin was first introduced 70 years ago in the treatment of that
generation’s biggest killer-infectious disease.
I just want to point on one thing from this quote. Disease of affluence as he states it is nothing
more than people driving themselves into a disease state through inflammatory
means. This could be due to gallons of
soda, cookies, etc. Or due to food
sensitivities to the ever increasing garbage and “frankenfood” we are being
served and not to mention serving our children. It could be due to a lifestyle
that is high in drugs, nicotine or alcohol.
And it could all be made worse by our high stress high intensity pace we
have learned to accept. Regardless, the
lifestyle we have become accustomed to as Americans is literally killing us
through mechanisms like NF-kB and its hydra head of consequences! Will this lifestyle fade away any time soon? Well, I think not. But it is always nice to see new emerging
tools we can draw from to turn down dangerous inflammatory activity like
this. It is time we put down the stigma
of whatever “Cannabis” means to you and take a closer look at what is really
waiting there for us to re-discover. Remember,
this is an herb that has been used for millennia up until the 1920’s when William
Randolph Hurst stigmatized Cannabis and assigned it the rather derogatory name
of Marijuana coined from Mexico which
tied nicely into the rampant racism of that era. But
that’s another story altogether...
…cannabis is a source
not only of D9-THC, CBD and D9-THCV but also of at least 67 other
phytocannabinoids and as such can be regarded as a natural library of unique
compounds. The therapeutic potential of many of these ligands still remains
largely unexplored prompting a need for further preclinical and clinical
research directed at establishing whether phytocannabinoids are indeed ‘a
neglected pharmacological treasure trove.’ - Journal of British Pharmacology
(2008)
A Product Test and Review: Cannabidiol (CBD) Oil
I was recently approached by a company by the name of Dose of Nature to test and review one of
their medical cannabis products. I get a
lot of questions these days about "medical marijuana," so I was happy to try what I could without needing a prescription of my own. And let me just say here and now that it is
not within my medical scope of practice to prescribe or recommend medical
marijuana for any patient. You need an
MD to make these recommendations. It is
silly but true. We are the herbalists
after all. But that is beside the
point. It is extremely important to
understand however that the term medical cannabis has many different meanings
and forms. We are all very aware of the
concept of smoking or ingesting marijuana and getting “high.” But the compounds in the cannabis plant primarily
responsible for this high, TCH, are not contained in the formula that I was asked
to review. The cannabis plant is an
extremely complicated medicinal herb and the research that is coming out on the
different active compounds found in this plant are nothing short of
extraordinary. And Cannabidiol or CBD
is one of those compounds and is the focus of this article. CBD products are not the ones that lead to
the typical mind altering experiences that many people know so well. And because of this CBD products are legal in
all fifty states without the prescription or recommendation of any medical
professional.
Let me first begin with my experience with the product
itself and then get into some of the science behind it. This is a liquid product that is taken with a
dropper. It is made of a CBD concentrate
and blended with Extra Virgin Hemp Seed oil.
I squirted the oil under my tongue and swallowed the rest. It had a nice taste with a little spicy bite
in the back of my throat. If you have
ever sampled higher quality Olive Oils you may have noticed the same kind of
bite. This is a good thing actually.
That’s the good stuff. It lets you know
that there are some active compounds within the oil. I urge you to take a little swig of your
current olive oil and see if it has that same bite. If not, go buy some better oil! So
from an herbalist’s perspective, right off the bat I was pleased to notice the
bite. I have taken the recommended dose
every day for the past three weeks or so and am almost through my bottle. I generally take it in the evening before bed
because I do notice that it has a very mild mellowing effect. The best that I can describe this feeling is
like someone placed a very thin calming veil over my head. I feel totally aware and not impaired in any
way, just a little more calm. I feel no
side effects of any kind otherwise.
The big deal here with CBD’s are their anti-inflammatory
effects. This is an area of research
that is really showing some serious promise.
In fact a whole new class of anti-inflammatory medications could likely
arise from these compounds if the research continues. I have had the pleasure
of consulting directly with a friend and colleague of mine Dr. Chris Rasmussen,
MD, who publishes a fantastic blog entitled InflaNATION. Stay tuned for his upcoming book as
well. It will be a must read! He has recently published some fantastic
research articles on this very subject.
And the medical literature is showing clear evidence that CBD and other
medical cannabinoids are superb anti-inflammatory compounds specifically for
the heart and vascular system. Though
the mainstream medical model is still holding steadfast onto the Cholesterol
model of heart disease, the medical literature is showing more and more that
things like heart attacks, strokes, deep venous thrombosis (clots in the legs)
and pulmonary embolism (“heart attack” of the lungs) all owe their existence to
rogue inflammatory conditions in the body.
If you want to have a heart attack or any other conditions listed above
(and more) then you invite inflammation.
One key way to inflame your body is to engage in a diet and lifestyle
that promotes blood sugar imbalance.
Diabetics and Pre-Diabetics (Insulin Resistance) for example are
inflamed by the very nature of their condition.
And when I say “inflammation” I am not talking about that swollen knee
you may have, but rather little molecules called cytokines that are made by the
immune system that circulate throughout the body and literally work to destroy
whatever they touch!
To borrow a citation from a recent post of Dr. Rasmussen:
Cannabidiol has been shown to be effective in
protecting endothelial function and integrity in human coronary artery
endothelial cells (HCAECs). The study demonstrated that CBD reversed the
harmful effects of high glucose on HCAECs by inhibiting:
- · Reactive oxygen species production by mitochondria
- · NF-κB activation
- · Transendothelial migration of monocytes
- · Monocyte–endothelial adhesion in HCAECs[1]
This is all just a really fancy way of saying
that a well-respected medical journal on Physiology and Heart health endorsed
the benefits of CBD for Insulin Resistant people presenting with vascular
disease. Vascular Disease is of course
the leading cause of death worldwide.
And anyone with Insulin Resistance / Diabetes will more than likely die
of Vascular Disease in the end, not to mention suffer more disability while on
the way. This study suggests that
compounds like CBD may act as an “antidote” of sorts to this condition.
But what if you are not in the Diabetic spectrum
of the population? Well the research out
there on the subject frequently studies a particular inflammatory cytokine
called NF-kB (listed above). NF-kB plays
a major role in other conditions as well and particularly in autoimmune disease
which is something that I work a lot with in my clinic here. There are actually more people in this
country right now suffering autoimmune disease than there are people having
heart attacks! In fact CBD therapies
have shown true promise in autoimmune conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis and
Rheumatoid Arthritis. And furthermore, the
NF-kB pathway is the final step for cellular death. So the more this pathway is active the more
cells will be dying at any given moment in time. This pathway can also be particularly potent
when talking about brain health as well.
Just look at the growing epidemic of dementia and Alzheimer’s. Brain
health is a major concern for the aging population. NF-kB is at the root of all of this. So it would make a lot of sense to do
everything that you can to squash these inflammatory pathways from running away
with themselves. There iscurrently no known pharmaceutical drug that can do
this! So it is the opinion of this
particular author that you put down whatever stigma you may assign to the
notion of medical cannabis and look at the true benefits!
So getting back to what I felt when taking the
CBD oil… I personally have a known
autoimmune situation myself going on that comes up from time to time. This is not a disease but I do have
antibodies which target and attack an enzyme in my brain that converts
Glutamate, which is overly stimulating to brain tissue, into GABA which is
calming. It is quite possible that the
CBD oil is dampening some inflammatory conditions that may be impacting this
system. In essence the oil may be allowing
me to function more optimally by turning down the overactive, NF-kB driven
immune response against that enzyme in my brain. On the other hand, we are only scratching the
surface here with how these things work.
But more and more research is pointing to positives. Even the mind altering compound THC has
considerable research demonstrating the protective and beneficial properties
for many systems in the body. There is
still a tremendous amount of work needed to be done. It is all rather
exciting.
…cannabis is a source not only of D9-THC, CBD
and D9-THCV but also of at least 67
other phytocannabinoids and as such can be regarded as a natural library of
unique compounds. The therapeutic potential of many of these ligands still
remains largely unexplored prompting a need for further preclinical and
clinical research directed at establishing whether phytocannabinoids are indeed
‘a neglected pharmacological treasure
trove’ (Mechoulam, 2005).[2]
In closing, I want to be clear here that I am still a
little uneasy about suggesting that people go out and inhale hot smoke into
their lungs on a frequent basis. This
could very well be inflammatory to the body.
The research on this is still not clear.
It could be that the anti-inflammatory attributes of the compounds found
within the smoke negate some of the inflammatory impacts of the smoke itself on
the lung tissue. But that is admittedly speculation
on my part. There are however so many
other ways of getting these beneficial compounds, like CBD, into your system
without smoking the herb itself. Liquid
formulas like the Dose of Nature Red
Strap CBD Oil is a great way to get the benefits described above while
avoiding the potentially harmful impacts of smoking or the often times
debilitating and illegal (in most States) “high” that Marijuana induces.
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